C - Assignment Operators
Assignment Operator
Assignment Operator is used to assign a value to the variable. This is called simple assignment operator. The arithmetic or any other operators would not be useful without an assignment operator. The assignment operator takes value on the right hand side and puts it into the variable on left hand side.
Syntax
variable-name = value;
Examples
int x=10; float y=20; String s="hello"; char gender='M'; int a; a=20;
Compund Assignment Operators
Sometimes, the left hand side variable is repeated immediately on the right side of the expression. For example, x = x + y. These type of expressions can also be written in compressed form, that is x += y. This kind of (+=) operator is called a compound assignment operator. Compound assignment operators are used as shown below:
| Operators | Description | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| += | Addition and Assignment operators. It adds the value of A and B and assigns the result to A. | x += y | x = x + y |
| - = | Subtraction and Assignment operators. It subtracts the value of B from A and assigns the result to A. | x -= y | x = x - y |
| * = | Multiplication and Assignment operators. It multiplies the value of A and B and assigns the result to A. | x *= y | x = x * y |
| /= | Division and Assignment operators. It divides the value of A by B and assigns the result to A. | x /= y | x = x / y |
| %= | Modulus and Assignment operators. It divides the value of A by B and stores the remainter to A. | x %= y | x = x%y |
| &= | Bitwise AND and Assignment operators. It performs the bitwise AND with A and B and assigns the result to A. | x &= y | x = x & y |
| |= | Bitwise OR and Assignment operators. It performs the bitwise OR with A and B and assigns the result to A. | x |= y | x = x | y |
| ^= | Bitwise XOR and Assignment operators. It performs the bitwise XOR with A and B and assigns the result to A. | x ^= y | x = x ^ y |
| >>= | Bitwise Right Shift and Assignment operators. It performs the bitwise right shift with A and assigns the result to A. | x >>= y | x = x >> y |
| <<= | Bitwise Left Shift and Assignment operators. It performs the bitwise left shift with A and assigns the result to A. | x <<= y | x = x << y |
| Operators | Description | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| += | Addition and Assignment operators. It adds the value of A and B and assigns the result to A. | x += y | x = x + y |
| - = | Subtraction and Assignment operators. It subtracts the value of B from A and assigns the result to A. | x -= y | x = x - y |
| * = | Multiplication and Assignment operators. It multiplies the value of A and B and assigns the result to A. | x *= y | x = x * y |
| /= | Division and Assignment operators. It divides the value of A by B and assigns the result to A. | x /= y | x = x / y |
| %= | Modulus and Assignment operators. It divides the value of A by B and stores the remainter to A. | x %= y | x = x%y |
| &= | Bitwise AND and Assignment operators. It performs the bitwise AND with A and B and assigns the result to A. | x &= y | x = x & y |
| |= | Bitwise OR and Assignment operators. It performs the bitwise OR with A and B and assigns the result to A. | x |= y | x = x | y |
| ^= | Bitwise XOR and Assignment operators. It performs the bitwise XOR with A and B and assigns the result to A. | x ^= y | x = x ^ y |
| >>= | Bitwise Right Shift and Assignment operators. It performs the bitwise right shift with A and assigns the result to A. | x >>= y | x = x >> y |
| <<= | Bitwise Left Shift and Assignment operators. It performs the bitwise left shift with A and assigns the result to A. | x <<= y | x = x << y |
Assigning Same value to Multiple Variables
There is also possible to assign a single value to multiple variables. This kind of assignment is called nested assignment or multiple assignment.
Syntax
variable 1 = variable 2 = variable 3.......variable N = single value;
Examples
x = y = z = 10; a = b = k =(x+y+z);
Complete Example
Following is an example C Program using Assignment Operators.
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
/* Simple Assignment*/
int a,k;
int b,j;
float c=30.0;
float d=5.0;
/*Nested or Multiple Assignment */
a = k = 5;
b = j = 3;
/*Compound Assignment*/
a += b;
printf("After Add and Assign :%d \n",a);
k -= j;
printf("After Subtract and Assign :%d \n",k);
a *= b;
printf("After Multiple and Assign :%d \n",a);
c /= d;
printf("After Divide and Assign :%f \n",c);
j %= k;
printf("After Modulo and Assign :%d \n",j);
j &= k;
printf("After Bitwise And and Assign :%d \n",j);
j |= k;
printf("After Bitwise OR and Assign :%d \n",j);
a ^= b;
printf("After Bitwise XOR and Assign :%d \n",a);
a <<= 2;
printf ("After Bitwise Left Shift and Assign :%d \n",a);
a >>= 3;
printf ("After Bitwise Right Shift and Assign :%d \n",a);
return(0);
}
Output
After Add and Assign :8 After Subtract and Assign :2 After Multiple and Assign :24 After Divide and Assign :6.000000 After Modulo and Assign :1 After Bitwise And and Assign :0 After Bitwise OR and Assign :2 After Bitwise XOR and Assign :27 After Bitwise Left Shift and Assign :108 After Bitwise Right Shift and Assign :13
